Applied Kinesiology generally refers to the techniques and modalitites that stem from the work of George J. Goodheart, Jr, D.C.. These modalities were not designed for laypeople, rather they assume that the practitioner in question has a background in medical training, usually a chiropractic doctor. Because of their medical training, practitioners of Applied Kinesiology are allowed to use different terminiology, referring to their clients as ‘patients’ and places of work as ‘clinics’. Those studying other forms of kinesiology are not allowed to use these terms as they constitute ‘practicing medicine without a license.’ The International College of Applied Kinesiology (ICAK) was founded in 1974 in the United States. Some of the most well-known techniques the fall under the category of AK are the Applied Physiology courses designed by Richard D. Utt, L.Ac and the classes created by Sheldon Deal and Walter H. Schmitt D.C. .